厚硬頂板直覆型沿空巷道沖擊失穩機理及防治研究
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作者單位:

1.山東科技大學 能源與礦業工程學院;2.兗礦能源集團股份有限公司 東灘煤礦

中圖分類號:

TD353???????

基金項目:

國家自然科學基金面上項目(52374098);山東省優秀青年科學基金項目(ZR202211070181);深部煤礦采動響應與災害防控國家重點實驗室開放基金資助項目(SKLMRDPC20KF05);山東省高等學校青創團隊計劃資助項目(2022KJ212)


Research on the Impact Instability Mechanism and Prevention of Gob-Side Entry Retaining with Direct-Covering Thick and Hard Roof
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    摘要:

    基于厚硬頂板直覆型沿空巷道沖擊失穩問題,以山東某礦63上06工作面沿空巷道為工程背景,采用現場實測、理論分析、數值模擬相結合的研究方法,分析直覆型頂板破斷特征、釋能機制及沿空巷道沖擊失穩能量判別準則,闡明厚硬頂板直覆型沿空巷道沖擊失穩機理。研究結果表明:厚硬頂板直覆采場“板-殼”覆巖結構失穩演化具有周期長、覆巖運移控制范圍廣及頂板破斷動載突出的特征,相比一般巷道,厚硬頂板直覆型巷道受動載擾動影響更加突出;受直覆型厚硬頂板大范圍懸頂影響,“板-殼”覆巖結構運動將會增加沿空巷道超前靜載,同時會向下傳遞劇烈動載,兩者共同作用使直覆型厚硬頂板破斷產生超強動載,從而引起巷道發生沖擊失穩;現場實例表明,直覆型厚硬頂板初次破斷尺寸為58m,破斷釋放能量3.5×1107 J,傳遞至巷道的能量為8.9×105 J,周期破斷尺寸為28m,釋放能量為1.7×107 J,傳遞至巷道的能量為4.36×105 J,小于63上06沿空巷道臨 界沖擊能量1.25×106 J,表明常規條件下直覆型厚硬頂板初次破斷或周期破斷不會誘發巷道沖擊失移;提出了“工作面勻速或低速開采+直覆厚硬頂板深孔爆破預裂+強化超前支護”的綜合防控對策,并在煤礦現場進行了工業性試驗。研究成果可對類似工程地質條件下厚硬頂板直覆型沿空巷道沖擊失穩防控提供一定參考。

    Abstract:

    Based on the problem of impact instability of gob-side entry retaining with direct-covering thick and hard roof, taking the gob-side entry retaining of 63upper 06 working face of a mine in Shandong Province as the engineering background, the research methods of field measurement, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation were used to analyze the breaking characteristics and energy release mechanism of direct-covering thick and hard roof and energy criterion of impact instability of gob-side entry retaining. Then, the mechanism of impact instability of gob-side entry retaining with direct-covering thick and hard roof was clarified. The results show that the instability evolution of the “plate-shell” overburden structure in the stope with direct-covering thick and hard roof has the characteristics of long period, wide range of overlying strata migration control and prominent dynamic load of roof breaking. Compared with the general roadway, this kind of gob-side entry retaining is more affected by dynamic load disturbance. Affected by the large-scale hanging strata of the direct-covering thick and hard roof, the movement of the “plate-shell” overburden structure will increase the advanced static load of the gob-side entry retaining, at the same time, it will transmit severe dynamic load downward. The combined action of the static load and dynamic load causes the direct-covering thick and hard roof to break and produce super-strong dynamic load, which causes the impact instability of the gob-side entry retaining. The field case shows that the initial fracture size of the direct-covering thick and hard roof is 58m,the fracture release energy is 3.5×107 J, and the energy transmitted to the gob-side entry retaining is 8.9×105 J; the periodic fracture size is 28m, there lease energy is 1.7×107 J, and the energy transmitted to the gob-side entry retaining is 4.36×105 J, which is less than the critical impact energy 1.25×106 J of the 63upper 06 gob-side entry retaining, indicating that the initial fracture or periodic fracture of the direct-covering thick and hard roof will not induce the impact displacement of gob-side entry retaining under conventional conditions. The comprehensive prevention and control measures of “uniform or low speed mining of working face+ deep hole blasting pre-splitting of direct-covering thick and hard roof+ strengthening advanced support” were put forward, and industrial tests were carried out on the coal mine site. The research results can provide some reference for the prevention and control of impact instability of gob-side entry retaining with direct-covering thick and hard roof under similar engineering geological conditions.

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歷史
  • 收稿日期:2024-01-16
  • 最后修改日期:2024-02-06
  • 錄用日期:2024-02-06
  • 在線發布日期: 2024-03-21
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